Building a Culture of Character

Bob's Head ShotSubmitted by
Bob Broudo
Headmaster, Landmark School

Being “peaceful,” or at least making the effort to become peaceful, is often associated with the holidays. However, the arrival of the holidays this year (2012) was accompanied by horrific visions of school violence that conjured up other visions of violence in movie theaters, malls, and on our streets. For so many people, including me, these visions were not conducive to peaceful feelings. Rather, they created difficult questions and a sense of anxiety.

Such social violence, portrayed almost daily in the news, is painful and impossible to understand. This violence is by no means specific to schools, yet health and safety concerns at our schools are increasingly on all of our minds. One of the swirling questions for me during our holiday break was how do we learn to balance what we so often hear, see, feel, and fear with who we are, what we do to maintain safety and help create change, and how we communicate with each other as adults and with our students. How do we stay balanced as we move forward in a healthy way while still carrying the emotions of such terrible events?

Often, when there is too much chatter in my brain, I retreat to a good book, and, at this time, I found the title of Susan Cain’s book, Quiet to be promising. Writing about introverts and our society’s evolution toward the “Extrovert Ideal,” the author makes the following statement on page 21: “America had shifted from what influential cultural historian Warren Susman called a Culture of Character to a Culture of Personality – and opened up a Pandora’s Box of personal anxieties from which we would never quite recover.” This is a bold and sweeping statement, yet it resonated with me.

The phrase Culture of Character describes that which we work endlessly to achieve in our schools, often against other powerful cultural influences. School cultures strive to build and reinforce character in the community as a whole, and within each student and adult within the community. In this context, who we are, how we respond, what we learn, what actions we take when confronted with overwhelmingly bad news depends on our character and almost forces us to strengthen our culture.

From this perspective, I felt more balanced knowing that our work is really about continuing to build a Culture of Character within our schools and communities wherein how we behave makes all the difference. While we cannot control external events, we can control how we respond to them, and we can seize every opportunity within our community to teach, grow, refine, and communicate. Focusing on the dignity of each person, acting with respect, and honoring our emotions and responsibilities in difficult times, do not answer all of the questions, but they are the hopeful foundation for a more peaceful existence.

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WHAT IS DYSLEXIA…

…and Why is Our Answer Important?

Submitted by Brock and Fernette Eide, Authors of The Dyslexic Advantage

What does it really mean to be dyslexic? The most common definition states that dyslexia is a brain-based disorder that makes reading and spelling harder than expected given an individual’s intelligence and education.

We believe this definition is too narrow, and that it’s misleading in important ways. In our view, dyslexia—or a dyslexic processing style—is better viewed as a different pattern of brain organization that creates both challenges and important strengths.

Why does it matter how we define dyslexia? It matters because it affects how we think of dyslexic individuals, and how dyslexic individuals think of themselves. Let us show you what we mean.

When you hear the word dyslexia, what image pops into your mind? If you’re like most people you see a child sitting at a desk, head buried in hands, face clouded in frustration as he or she stares in hopeless bewilderment at a book. This image reflects the view that dyslexia is, at its core, a disability.

We believe this image is profoundly misleading. As we argue in our book The Dyslexic Advantage, there are many reasons to believe that ‘disability’ isn’t the core of what it means to be dyslexic. Instead, the learning challenges dyslexic individuals experience are really just secondary consequences of having a brain that’s been organized to reason and solve problems in a different way.

Our experience as clinicians has caused us to form a very different image of dyslexia. When we hear the word dyslexia we don’t think of disability. We think of all the amazing dyslexic individuals we’ve examined in our clinic and met through our work. What stands out in our minds isn’t just what they can’t do but also what they can—their creativity, innovation, perceptiveness, mindfulness, resourcefulness.

It’s essential that this broader view replace the older narrow one. To solve the many challenges facing dyslexic individuals we must first form a strong and cohesive dyslexic community that can work together for their collective good. However, at present the greatest barrier to forming such a community is the disability-centered view that dominates thinking about dyslexia. This incomplete and imbalanced view creates an image of dyslexia that no one would willingly own. As a result, when individuals are identified as dyslexic they too often experience shame or denial rather than self-understanding and acceptance. This leads them to hide their dyslexic identity and prevents them from forming communities.

To form the dyslexic community we need, we must first adopt a more balanced and accurate image of what it means to be dyslexic: an image that dyslexic individuals can proudly and willingly own and embrace, which accepts the challenges, understands and encourages the strengths, and recognizes the common routes to success that go along with being dyslexic. This dyslexic community will have all of the strength and ability it needs to achieve its goals once it comes to truly know, and understand, itself.

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COMMUNITY SERVICE: A WIN, WIN, WIN

Since it’s election day, those behind Landmark360° thought that a blog post about community service and civic duty was relevant. Enjoy!

Submitted by Reverend Bill Ferguson, Chaplain, Landmark School

Somehow over the years, in the midst of the “ME” generation, this idea of volunteering for other people and other causes has really taken off. One of the problems I have as the Director of Community service at Landmark is that if students don’t sign up fast enough, their slots are taken. Such is the demand. I was more than happy when we were completing 700 – 1,000 hours of community service per year about ten years ago, and then this past year we eclipsed the 4,000 hour mark. There is simply more of an awareness, an intentionality about volunteering. People are looking more for opportunities to be involved. Granted, the emphasis of colleges now for community service in the admissions process drives this somewhat, but is that so bad? Students who might not otherwise have had the experience of volunteering get some exposure at least.

O.K. so let’s talk about the impact of volunteering, or service learning as it is often times called. For students who get involved with community service, working several days a week at say a YMCA or local after school program, I often see a marked improvement in confidence and self esteem. Students begin to see their impact or the difference they make in someone’s life because they keep showing up day after day. They grow with a sense of connectedness. They mature into healthy young adults ergo good citizens. Then there is the impact on the community. In our early years as a school, many in the community had no idea who we were cloistered up on a hill, hidden behind so many trees. Now people in the community at places like Beverly Hospital, the local YMCA, the elderly and homeless shelters have come to know and appreciate our school and our students as a result of our involvement. So community service has become a win-win-win for us. It benefits our students’ personal growth while establishing our reputation in the community as a quality institution and most importantly it helps others.

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COLLEGE READINESS

I am often asked about how to ensure student success in college. As it happens, I think about college readiness a lot, but I’ve yet to find the elusive recipe for gliding through college free of road bumps. The truth is that individuals differ and there are so many aspects that figure into the college experience—classes, ability, professors, roommates—that a foolproof formula for academic success is impossible to calculate. Beyond that, college students are supposed to struggle. It is appropriate for students to grapple with how they fit into the world and what they are learning; to tussle with texts and tests, to wrestle with labs and essays—that is the life of a college student. Is it sometimes uncomfortable? Yes, but that is how it is supposed to be and the knowledge one gains will be sweeter because of the growing pangs of an expanding mind.

Saying that, I do have some blanket advice for college students:

Take control of your own learning. Each and every college student is responsible for his or her own learning. It is very important that from the instant you enter your first class to the joyous moment you walk across the graduation stage, you need to take responsibility for your education. This means doing your work, studying for tests, and always showing up to class. This also means that when you get a less than stellar grade (it happens to all of us at some point), you can’t blame the professor or wallow for very long because you need to formulate a plan to do better. And chances are you can do better. And you should do better. Why? Because you owe it to yourself to push your perceived limits.

Learn to manage your time and responsibilities independently. A common scenario: your mother has gently woken you up every day for high school and you know that without her you would never make it to class. What makes you think that you will be able to get to class independently once you are a college student? It’s okay if you have a tough time with executive functioning— it is developmentally appropriate for many college students to struggle with goal setting, time management, etc., but the truth is that you need to continually strive to improve your self-management skills because they matter a great deal in and out of college.

Find a go-to person on campus. This may seem to be in direct opposition to my first two pieces of advice, but it really isn’t. Although you are responsible for your own learning, there are plenty of people on most college campuses who are there to help you in your quest for academic success. Find someone you trust. Find someone you can talk to and who is willing to get to know you. Use this person as your first stop if a problem arises. Become knowledgeable about resources. This go-to person will grow to care about you and want you to succeed, and you will need them as a touchstone in what is at times an incredibly confusing environment.

 My last piece of advice is this: be confident that you have a good mind and that your ideas matter. Every person has something to contribute to this extraordinary world we live in. If college is a stop on your journey, don’t squander your precious, precious time just squeaking by. Be aware of the path you are taking. Make the most of it. Strive to be your best.

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Submitted by Nicole Subik, Learning Specialist at Villanova University

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GROWING GIANTS

In case you missed it, giant pumpkins have been in the news. While we have
been attending to our teaching and various daily obligations, monitoring
presidential debates or developments in the Middle East, the world of giant
pumpkin growing was being rocked by the first one-ton world champion – 2009
pounds! – grown in Rhode Island and certified at the nearby Topsfield Fair.

It turns out that growing giant pumpkins has some interesting parallels to life
at Landmark School. The art of growing giant pumpkins, like the art and science of
teaching language remediation, is a relatively recent discipline. From the turn of
the century until the 1970s, prizewinners weighed a mere 400 pounds. The first
pumpkin to break the 1,000 pound barrier was grown in 1996. But the internet
and the fraternity of pumpkin growers proved to be a synergistic match.

If you google ‘giant pumpkin growing’ you now see over a million hits with
associations in most states and many countries, and genial mottoes like this
one from NH: “Dedicated to the sport of growing giant pumpkins in the spirit
of learning, teaching and cooperation.” Giant pumpkin growers are a very
competitive bunch, but the nature of that competition is clearly infused with a
cooperative passion to extend the limits of their unique horticultural pursuit.
Growers follow each other’s activities avidly. They trade stories, seeds, tips,
techniques, regimens, and recommendations. They visit each other’s patches,
try to outdo each other, but also celebrate mutual achievements fraternally and
gloriously. Watch the video taken at the Topsfield Fair if you need proof.

Both the field of dyslexia research and the quest to grow giant pumpkins
have exploded with information in recent decades. Pumpkin growers shared
information so rapidly and productively thanks to the internet that the prospect
of a 2000 pound pumpkin – regarded as an impossibility back in the 80s –
was projected in 2014 by some pumpkin pundits. As we now know, that was
a conservative prediction by two full years. Those of us who work in the field
of language-based learning disabilities look back to the 70s and 80s with
astonishment. Our field has evolved remarkably as well, with research and
biographies and awareness multiplying daily. Just as giant pumpkins tip the scale
at increasingly heavy weights, we may be experiencing a tipping point too: as
the concept of a dyslexic “advantage” in many fields gains traction and validation.

Landmark reminds me a bit of the pumpkin growers associations. At the
Elementary-Middle School (EMS), approximately 70 people are involved in direct
instruction for 150 students. EMS is a relatively small campus for a school this
size, and people do not have their own offices, classrooms, or even their own
tutorial cubbies because of the constant need to share space. One positive of
this is the collective wisdom that floats through the school in a variety of ways.

Because folks need to access information from a variety of locations, and as
paper files have given way inevitably to digital resources, everyone has everyone
else’s ideas available to them. Materials can be accessed on faculty servers,
added to, edited, and reconfigured for the benefit of all. Inservices are key
at Landmark, and the best inservices are generally those where colleagues
share their insights and experience with others. Even the inadequacy of the
physical layout on campus – in terms of personal space – means that colleagues
are “bumping into” each other all day. The faculty lounges are an appropriate
size for about 10 people and serve over 50. The Case Managers share two
spaces among 13 individuals. Because of this, ideas get shared everywhere and
anywhere, all day. It’s a very different model than some schools, where teachers
are isolated in their own classrooms and supervisors have their own offices. Yet
it has its benefits in terms of accelerated crowd-sourced wisdom.

Giant pumpkin growers and teachers at Landmark have a shared experience:
the personal commitment and competition to be the best you can be, combined
with a sense that everything you find out from or share with colleagues ultimately
benefits the whole community. They say pumpkin growers can actually see their
giants growing in the latter stages, as the pumpkins pack on 30-50 pounds a
day! Even though it’s only October, we can see our students growing too. It’s
a palpable feeling here at Landmark. The students who arrived just after Labor
Day are already more relaxed, more confident, and more trusting. Whether you
are a pumpkin, a teacher, or a student, under the right conditions it’s amazing the
potential that can be realized and the growth that can occur.

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Submitted by Rob Kahn, Head of Landmark’s Elementary/Middle School

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RIGHT VS. LEFT: PUTTING THE DEBATE TO REST

From an early age, we are encouraged to pick a side. Admittedly, I once was a card-carrying member of the Left, however, experience has taught me that the challenges of this era demand solutions from both sides of the divide. The time has come to stop the partisan bickering. Right Brainers and Left Brainers, let’s end the feud today!

According to the stereotypes, right-brain dominant individuals are outgoing, intuitive and nonlinear thinkers. Their ranks include novelists, artists, musicians and the like. Meanwhile, left-brain dominant learners prefer to employ logic and deductive reasoning, choosing careers in science, math, and engineering. By the time they graduate, most students have taken at least one assessment informing them which model they best fit. Paradoxically though, the careers we are preparing students for are becoming increasingly difficult to segregate into those same two boxes.

Consider the latest summer blockbuster you watched or video game you played and it becomes apparent that the digital revolution has created a new medium requiring aspiring artists to master traditional left-brain associated skills such as algorithm design and computer coding. Similarly, the data deluge that is pouring out of scientific research has made sifting through experimental results line by line humanly impossible. To cope, scientists now consult with graphic designers, or learn how to acquire the appropriate skills themselves, to create novel data visualizations to promote new scientific insights.

Mental ambidexterity is the new norm in science. I once asked a colleague of mine who’s resume spans everything from cancer research in Boston to software development for a fashion design company in NYC, what side of the brain he thought he relied on more.  I deeply admire my friend’s talents, but upon hearing his answer it occurred to me that perhaps some (if not all) of his success came from simply realizing the absurdity of the question.

“Left Brain or Right Brain?” my polymath friend repeated, “Honestly, I really don’t know how to think without both.”

Few people ever score entirely on one side or the other of cognitive inventories. Nonetheless, some educators still argue that teaching students about their orientation on the Left-Right spectrum helps students better understand their learning style. To borrow a phrase from statistics, “All models are wrong… some are useful.”

I would respectively like to argue that the emphasis we place on the left vs. right brain model in education has outlived its utility.

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Submitted by Matt Schu, Landmark Teacher 2003-2008, Current PhD candidate in Bioinformatics at Boston University, (former card-carrying Left Brainer)

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THE COMFORT ZONE

About eight years ago, I attended parent’s weekend at Boston University where my eldest daughter Maida was then a freshman. We ran in the Alumni 5K, which winded in a loop on the esplanade of the Charles River. The “gun” went off, and we all ambled at various paces along the sailboat-speckled river. One could soon hear the huffing and puffing of those who had gone out too quickly. At the half way point (1.5 miles), there was a college kid throwing up, and another runner in front of me wore a T-shirt that said:

If you want to succeed in Life, you have to get out of your Comfort Zone

That quote got us through the tail end of the race, and with very red faces and labored breath, we felt good about ourselves.

Getting out of the Comfort Zone is clearly something that every Landmark parent and child knows all too intimately. Chances are good that at some point along the journey, it was hard to even find the comfort zone. Being in a learning environment that does not fit the learner is not only uncomfortable, but it is frustrating, and can feel like torture for some. As a parent, the torture is in losing control and feeling helpless. As a child the torture is more complex. Self-esteem, friendships, and the desire to learn can become tangled, and the comfort zones might feel like elusive moving targets.

At Landmark, there is an opportunity to untangle the threads and find the ways to learn that work for each child. Though it takes time, Landmark eventually becomes the Comfort Zone. Parents can sleep at night knowing their children are finally getting the teaching they need, and the students themselves feel better in their own skin. Everyone deserves to learn how to learn.

As we all move through the autumn season, acclimating to the new academic year, I know that Landmark’s students are finding success, perhaps hitting an occasional wall, digging in and saying, “I really CAN do this,” challenging themselves, and constantly reaching for the next highest comfort zone. Ultimately, their confidence and imaginations take over, and their futures become limitless.

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Submitted by Maida Broudo, Landmark School parent and Clinical Liaison, Radiation Oncology MGH, Instructor Harvard Medical School

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